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In the years immediately before the American Revolution, the concept of natural rights:


A) greatly influenced Thomas Jefferson's early writings.
B) prompted Thomas Jefferson to support independence before the war even began.
C) caused many American colonists to call for the abolition of the monarchy.
D) contradicted the argument for colonial resistance.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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By 1774, how did the Germans of Northhampton County, Pennsylvania, react to talks of liberty?


A) They supported the idea of natural rights for subjects of King George III.
B) They feared it would give too much freedom to Indians in Pennsylvania.
C) They did not like the focus on individualism.
D) They focused only on freedom of religion.

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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During the eight years of war, approximately how many Americans bore arms in the Continental army and state militias?


A) 80,000.
B) 125,000.
C) 200,000.
D) 350,000.

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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C

What did Lord Dunmore do that horrified many southerners?


A) He encouraged Indians to conduct raids against backcountry settlements in the Carolinas.
B) He issued a proclamation freeing all slaves south of the Ohio River.
C) He promised freedom to slaves who joined the British cause.
D) He confiscated property of Loyalists.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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The main point of The American Crisis is:


A) that the Continental Congress should agree to peaceful reunification with Britain.
B) to inspire American soldiers to continue to fight despite demoralizing military losses.
C) that independence was too costly a goal for the colonies.
D) to encourage European powers to provide military assistance to the cause of American independence.

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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What impact did the Committees of Correspondence have in America?


A) They allowed for good communication between the colonists and their Indian allies.
B) Enforcement of taxes and regulations became more efficient.
C) These networks allowed slaves to communicate about escaping from their owners.
D) Colonial leaders were able to spread ideas and information of resistance to taxes more quickly.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Explain the causes that ultimately led to the Declaration of Independence in the British North American colonies between 1754 and 1776.

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Who wrote the following: "One of the strongest natural proofs of the folly of hereditary right in kings is that nature disapproves it, otherwise she would not so frequently turn it into ridicule, by giving mankind an ass for a lion"?


A) Thomas Paine.
B) Jonathan Boucher.
C) Samuel Seabury.
D) Ben Franklin.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Letters from a Pennsylvania Farmer (1767) John Dickinson Every government at some time or other falls into wrong measures. These may proceed from mistake or passion. But every such measure does not dissolve the obligation between the governors and the governed. . . . It is the duty of the governed to endeavor to rectify the mistake, and to appease the passion. They have not at first any other right, than to represent their grievances, and to pray for redress, unless an emergency is so pressing as not to allow time for receiving an answer to their applications, which rarely happens. If their applications are disregarded, then that kind of opposition becomes justifiable which can be made without breaking the laws or disturbing the public peace. This conflicts in the prevention of the oppressors reaping advantage from their oppressions, and not in their punishment. . . . The constitutional modes of obtaining relief are those which I wish to see pursued on the present occasion; that is, by petitions of our assemblies, or where they are not permitted to meet, of the people, to the powers that can afford us relief. . . . Let us complain to our parent; but let our complaints speak at the same time the language of affliction and veneration. If, however, it shall happen . . . that our applications to his Majesty and the parliament for redress, prove ineffectual, let us then take another step, by withholding from Great Britain all the advantages she has been used to receive from us. Then let us try, if our ingenuity, industry, and frugality, will not give weight to our remonstrances. Let us all be united with one spirit, in one cause. -How did the British government most frequently respond to writings like those published by Dickinson and others like him?


A) by repealing the Parliamentary legislation in question and replacing it with more moderate laws
B) by occupying colonial cities in order to impose martial law
C) by limiting freedom of speech by arresting the authors and jailing them in England
D) by arguing that despite their distance, colonists were virtually represented in Parliament

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Most of the text of the Declaration of Independence:


A) was originally drafted by Benjamin Franklin and then brilliantly edited by Thomas Jefferson.
B) consists of a list of grievances against King George III.
C) is an updated version of John Locke's classic, The Rights of Man.
D) specifically attacks the idea that Parliament has a right to enact any laws for the colonies.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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British possessions in the West Indies:


A) were handed over to the new United States in the Treaty of Paris.
B) issued their own declarations of independence in the late 1770s.
C) remained loyal to the crown during the American Revolution because their leaders feared slave uprisings.
D) all fell into the hands of the French, either through conquest or treaty, as a result of the American Revolution.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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C

What contribution did the Stamp Act episode make to the colonists' concept of liberty?


A) The elite became more aware of liberty, but the lower classes remained unconcerned, choosing instead just to follow leaders who encouraged them to riot.
B) The Stamp Act Congress insisted that the right to consent to taxation was essential to people's freedom.
C) It led the Stamp Act Congress to adopt the Declaratory Act, which defined American liberties.
D) It convinced colonists that revolting against Great Britain was the only way to secure their liberties.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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B

During the Revolutionary War, tensions between backcountry farmers and wealthy planters:


A) enabled the British to turn around their previously unsuccessful performance during the war.
B) prompted several mutinies within colonial ranks.
C) gave the British hope that they might be able to enlist the support of southern Loyalists.
D) led Benedict Arnold to defect to the British.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Who was Samuel Seabury?


A) He was a Revolutionary War hero for the Americans.
B) He served in the Continental Congress from New York.
C) As a colonial minister, he remained a British loyalist.
D) He was a British general who chased after Washington's army.

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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What were the Suffolk Resolves?


A) The peace treaty that ended the Regulator movement in North Carolina.
B) A list of demands addressed to landlords, made in 1772 by New York tenant farmers.
C) A group of anti-Tea Act petitions from Boston merchants to the Massachusetts royal governor.
D) A set of resolutions made in 1774, urging Massachusetts citizens to prepare for war.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following was a significant battle during the first year of the Revolutionary War?


A) Yorktown, a siege in Virginia.
B) Monmouth, where the opposing armies fought to a draw.
C) Cowpens, which helped turn the tide of war in the South.
D) Saratoga, where a large British army surrendered.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Next to national independence, what was the second most significant concession the United States gained in the Treaty of Paris in 1783?


A) Canadian territory.
B) Spanish Florida.
C) A large piece of territory west of the Appalachian Mountains.
D) Property from Loyalists.

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Virtual representation was the idea:


A) that only those who were elected by a given population could represent that population in a legislative body.
B) about representation that most politically active American colonists in the 1760s and 1770s embraced.
C) endorsed by the Stamp Act Congress in 1765.
D) that each member of Britain's House of Commons represented the entire empire, not just his own district.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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The Olive Branch Petition:


A) was meant to ease tensions among the organized political parties within the Continental Congress.
B) enabled northern and southern colonies to work together.
C) convinced Thomas Paine that he had enough support to write Common Sense.
D) was addressed to King George III and reaffirmed American loyalty to the crown.

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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What idea did both the Regulators and Stamp Act Congress share?


A) There should be no taxes under any circumstances.
B) Colonists wanted to be represented in the government.
C) Colonial governors should make decisions unilaterally.
D) Boycotts did not work as a means of protest.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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